AD value of protocols

Connected interface	0
Static route	1
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) summary route	5
External Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)	20
Internal EIGRP	90
IGRP	100
OSPF	110
Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS)	115
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)	120
Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)	140
On Demand Routing (ODR)	160
External EIGRP	170
Internal BGP	200
Unknown*	255

L&T Interview questions : 15-01-2014

1. EIGRP port number ?

2. Explain EIGRP active and passive state 

3. What is EIGRP advertised distance

4. BGP attributes ?

5. STP parameters ?

6. What is stub area and totally stub area ?

Routing protocols V/S Routed protocols

Routing protocols

Routing protocols will help to a router find best route towards network and it will advertise the routes .

Ex. RIP,EIGRP,OSPF,BGP

Routed protocols

Routed protocols used for transport data across the network .

Ex. ip ,ipx,telnet,snmp,smtp

XL Healthcare interview

Position: Lead Network Engineer

Experience: 4-6yrs

Description Of Work:

This position is responsible for the design and operational support of XLHealth LAN/WAN data network 

infrastructure. Responsibilities include, disaster recovery planning and advanced technical problem 

resolution for multiple locations based out of Bangalore and Hyderabad

Duties & Responsibilities:

ESSENTIAL: 

 - Develops short and long range network design and architecture plans for XLHealth facilities and 

data centers.

 - Develops configuration standards across network equipment in order to ensure integrity of the 

systems and services.

 - Manages network related projects, tasks and upgrades and coordinates networking resources 

as needed.

 - Reviews new technologies, methodologies and processes to ensure the network infrastructure 

meets current and future needs.

 - Maintains information technology inventory records of wide-area and local-area network 

hardware and software as well as coordination of repairs and quality control tests.

-          Should have strong knowledge in switching (VLAN, VTP, STP, HSRP), routing (OSPF, BGP) 

configuration and troubleshooting.

-          Should have hands-on knowledge in firewalls (CISCO ASA 55XX SERIES) configuration and 

troubleshooting

-          A good understanding of WAN accelerators (Citrix Branch Repeaters/Cisco WAAS/Riverbed) and 

Cisco ACS server.

-          Lead should also be responsible to document, follow change request processes on day-to-day 

bases.

-          Must – A very good communication both verbal and written

HCL interview : 12/1/2014

1. What is the difference between routed protocols and routing protocol ?

2. What is prempt in HSRP.

3. What is default priority of a port in STP ?

4. L2 protocols

5. How many bit used for IPv6 ? 

6. How traceroute works ?


7. What is difference between default route and dynamic route

VLANS

VLAN types 

Normal Range:- 2-1001 ( configurable )
                        1002 - FDDI
                        1003 - Token Ring ( IBM )
                        1004 - FDDI.net
                        1005 - Trnet           
                        1006 - 1023 - Testing                
Extended Range:- 1024-4095    Uses only in L3 Switch   .
Default all ports in VLAN1.   

Vlan configuration two ways :

1.Traditional Method ( Not recommended )

sw#vlan database
sw# vlan 10
sw# apply
This method will directly write to flash.

Default all ports are in Vlan 1.

name of Vlan file in flash  - vlan.dat

To delete Vlan from flash -> delete flash:vlan.dat

If you removed the running config of the router , then VLAN wont be removed
Vlan saves in FLASH , running config saved in NVRAM.

2.New Method

sw(config)      #vlan 10
sw(config-vlan)#name CCNP 

sw#sh vlan brief   Verification command

Multiple Vlan creation using single command

sw(config)# vlan 2-1001

sw(config)#vlan 2,3,4,5,6-10,13-19

port assigning to vlan 
sw(config)#int fa0/1
sw(config-if)#switchport access vlan 2

Multiple interfaces assigning to Vlan

sw(config)#int range fa0/1-24 ( this command does not work in some of the L3 switches , you have to use space after fa 0/1 - 24 )
sw(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 3

SWITCHING

In switching use MAC Address ( Media Access Control ) - IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority ( will assign MAC)
- L2 Address ( Physical or Hardware address )

MAC Address will represents in 48 bit. It shows in  HEXA decimal , then it comes to 12 digits.
24 bits -OUI (Organizational Unique Identifier ) assigning from IANA plus 24 bits Vendor identifier ( Vendor side assign )

Cisco has lot of mac address , One of the Cisco MAC address starts with 

00000C

HEXA Decimal - 0-9
                       A-F(10-15) Base16
 A- 1010-10
 B- 1011-11
 C- 1100-12
 D- 1101-13
 E- 1110-14
 F- 1111-15

 converting bin --> digit
1010 - 8*1 + 4*0 + 2*1 + 1*0 = 10
1011 - 8*1 + 4*0 + 2*1 + 1*1 = 11

Main difference between router and switch is,switch  doesn't have a power button.

Available mac address 2^48.

Main Switch Functions :-

1.Address Learning
2.Forwarding
3.Loop Avoidance

Address Learning

Keeps all the learned mac address in CAM (Content Addressable Memory).

sw#show mac address table

 By default it switch will show 

port mac method vlan
-      -     cpu       -
-      -     cpu       -

Method will show the in built switch mac addresses.

ARP will use to get the MAC address . 

B-SOFT RACK : CCNP 




Cisco Terminal Sever -2511 

ACCESS SERVER(config)#ip host sw1 2013
ACCESS SERVER#sh line

ACCESS SERVER#sh word

L2 switches : 

2900 
1900

L3 switches :

3500
3700
4000
6000
12000

Hub 

Its a L1 device 

Not Manageable ( No console access )

Single Broadcast and collision Domain

Half duplex

What ever bits comes it broadcast to all

Switch

L2 device

MAC address

Half duplex

Single broadcast domain
Total no. of ports equal to collision domain ( Multiple Collision domain )
Intelligent devices ( console access )